Pizosept 4.5

Indications

PIZOSEPT 4.5 is used for the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible bacteria, including:

• Respiratory Tract Infections: Severe pneumonia, bronchitis, and other lower respiratory tract infections.
• Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Complicated UTIs, including pyelonephritis.
• Intra-abdominal Infections: Peritonitis, abscesses, cholangitis, and other infections.
• Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Severe infections like cellulitis, abscesses, and wound infections.
• Gynecological Infections: Such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
• Bacteremia and Sepsis: Bloodstream infections and sepsis caused by resistant pathogens.
• Bone and Joint Infections: Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis.

Piperacillin provides activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while Tazobactam enhances its activity by inhibiting beta-lactamase enzymes, which are produced by resistant bacteria.

Dosage and Administration

• Route of Administration: Intravenous (IV) injection or infusion.
• Typical Dose for Adults:
  • Severe Infections: The usual dose is 4.5 gm every 6 to 8 hours, depending on the severity of the infection.
  • Critical Infections (e.g., Sepsis, Pneumonia): 4.5 gm every 6 hours, which may be adjusted based on the patient's response.
  • Duration of Therapy: Typically administered for 7 to 14 days depending on the clinical condition and severity of infection.
• IV Administration: Administer over 30 minutes to 1 hour as an IV infusion.
• Renal Impairment: For patients with impaired renal function (creatinine clearance < 40 mL/min), the dosing interval may need to be adjusted.

Precautions

• Hypersensitivity: Avoid in patients with a known allergy to penicillins, cephalosporins, or beta-lactam antibiotics.
• Renal Impairment: Use with caution in patients with renal impairment. Dosage adjustments are needed for patients with creatinine clearance < 40 mL/min.
• Hematologic Reactions: Prolonged use may result in adverse effects like thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, or anemia.
• Clostridium difficile-associated Diarrhea (CDAD): Antibiotic use, including Piperacillin/Tazobactam, may lead to overgrowth of C. difficile, causing severe diarrhea. Monitor for symptoms of gastrointestinal disturbance.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Piperacillin/Tazobactam is classified as Category B for pregnancy (U.S. FDA), indicating that it should only be used during pregnancy if clearly needed. It is excreted in breast milk, so caution is advised during breastfeeding.
• Drug Interactions: Piperacillin/Tazobactam can interact with certain medications, including methotrexate, warfarin, and diuretics. Monitor closely if these drugs are used concurrently.

Benefits

• Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Activity: Effective against a wide range of Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and beta-lactamase-producing bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
• Enhanced Efficacy: Tazobactam protects Piperacillin from degradation by beta-lactamases, extending its antibacterial spectrum to include resistant organisms.
• Effective in Severe Infections: Ideal for treating severe or life-threatening infections such as pneumonia, sepsis, and intra-abdominal infections.
• IV Formulation for Rapid Action: The intravenous route allows for faster therapeutic action, especially in critically ill or hospitalized patients who need immediate infection control.
• Well-Tolerated: Generally well-tolerated with a low incidence of adverse reactions when administered as prescribed, though caution is advised in specific patient populations such as those with renal impairment or a history of hypersensitivity to penicillins.